Server side:
1. Remote access is enabled in Surface Area Configuration
2. Authentication: SQL Server and Windows Authentication mode
3. Enable TCP/IP protocol
4. Port is correct, default port is 1433
5. Enable and run SQL Server Browser service
6. Port (1433) is not blocked by firewall
7. Make sure SQL Server is restarted
Client Side:
1. Server is accessible, ping serverIP
Don’t always blame server firewall if you cannot ping through, check your own configurations and make sure you are not working behind a wall (campus, company, etc.) that all ports is blocked from outbound except several known ports, such as 80.
2. SQL Server is running, telnet serverIP 1433
If telnet success, you are not far from success.
Otherwise, either client side, server side or gateway blocked you from accessing that port.
3. Use correct connection string (very important):
a. Connect to a default instance, use serverIP
b. Otherwise, use serverIP\instance_name
4. Use correct connection protocol: TCP\IP
Named pipe will work sometimes, but just in case.
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